Login is the failure with the widest blast radius. A broken checkout affects people trying to buy right now. A broken login affects every customer you have ever had, simultaneously, and produces a support queue rather than a metric.
A certificate or token expires. An identity provider's signing key rotates, a JWT secret changes, and every session becomes invalid at once at whatever moment the clock says.
Sessions stop persisting. A cookie attribute change - SameSite, Secure, domain - means login appears to succeed and the next page shows you logged out.
SSO configuration drifts. A redirect URI, a scope, an expired secret in the identity provider.
A rate limit or firewall rule catches real users. Protection tuned against credential stuffing starts refusing legitimate customers.
Every one of those failures serves a perfectly healthy login page. The form renders, the CSS loads, the server is fast. The failure is in what happens after you submit, which no status check reaches.
The tell is usually support volume rather than monitoring - which means your customers are your alerting system, and they are slower and considerably more annoyed than software.
Four steps, none of which involve writing a test script.
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